Vertical shaft impact crusher structure principle and maintenance

Vertical shaft impact crusher, also known as VSI sand making machine, is a commonly used equipment in artificial sand production line, with the characteristics of stable and reliable operation, easy maintenance, high sand making rate, etc. The product particle shape is cubic, with low needle-like content, which is particularly suitable for stone shaping and production of artificial sand. It is widely used in the medium and fine crushing (sand making) of various hard and brittle materials such as various rocks, abrasives, refractory materials, cement clinker, iron ore, concrete aggregates, etc. It is one of the preferred equipment in the field of artificial sand making and stone shaping.

Structure:

The vertical shaft impact crusher is mainly composed of a vertical shaft, a hollow rotor, a casing, a V-belt, and a motor. The hollow rotor is installed on the vertical shaft and forms an annular crushing chamber with the casing around the rotor. The rotor is a hollow box, which consists of a discharge chamber and a powder cone. The discharge chamber is composed of a bottom plate, blades, and a discharge port.

Working principle:

The material falls vertically from the top of the machine into the high-speed rotating impeller, which accelerates the material to a higher speed and collides with the other part of the material that is diverted around the impeller in an umbrella-shaped manner to produce high-speed crushing. After the materials collide with each other, a vortex is formed between the impeller and the casing, and the material layer is crushed by multiple collisions and frictions, and then discharged from the lower discharge hopper. A closed-loop multiple cycle is formed, and the particle size of the finished product is controlled by the screening equipment.

Maintenance and care

1. Regularly check the parts and lubrication system of the vertical impact crusher to ensure its normal operation. Check whether the bearings, gears, chains and other parts are worn or loose, and replace or repair them in time. At the same time, check the oil quality and oil quantity in the lubrication system to ensure sufficient lubrication.

2. Keeping the vertical impact crusher clean is an important part of maintaining the normal operation of the equipment. Clean the dust and debris on the surface of the equipment frequently to avoid clogging or corrosion of the parts. At the same time, regularly clean the residue in the crushing chamber to prevent affecting the crushing effect.

3. During the operation, if the wearing parts are found to be seriously worn, they should be replaced in time. Regularly check the wear of the wearing parts to avoid affecting the normal operation of the equipment due to excessive wear.

4. The parameters of the vertical impact crusher need to be adjusted regularly to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. For example, the weight and position of the hammer head, the aperture and opening rate of the screen, etc., all need to be adjusted according to the actual situation. Regularly check whether these parameters are reasonable and adjust them in time.

5. Record the maintenance and upkeep of the vertical impact crusher, such as vibration value, upper and lower bearing temperature, rotor stop time after shutdown, etc., which is very important for judging the operation failure of the equipment and the long-term operation of the equipment.

6. When lubricating the vertical impact crusher, do not alternate between different types of grease and the amount of grease. Pay attention to the grease being 50% to 70% of its volume and replace it every three months.

Fault analysis:

1. When the vibration of the equipment reaches the upper limit of the set value, the vibration switch can cut off the power supply of the motor for protection. The reasons for excessive vibration are as follows: ① The rotor has a damaged throwing head or uneven wear of the rotor; ② The material accumulation in the rotor is uneven; ③ The vibration damping pad is damaged; ④ The rotor or pulley cone sleeve is loose; the main bearing is damaged; ⑤ The bolts are loose, etc.

2. When the instrument shows that the upper and lower bearing temperatures exceed the standard, the machine should be stopped and checked in time. Several reasons for excessive temperature are: ① The motor is in an overloaded state for a long time; ② The main bearing is damaged. ③ The bearing grease is lacking; ④ The grease discharge tank is blocked.

3. The reasons for the abnormal current of the ammeter are too large: the feed amount is too large, the material accumulation in the crushing chamber or the base is too much, the discharge hopper is blocked, and there is a mechanical or electrical fault;

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